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If the series is of the form
then it's a p-series, converging for p>1 and diverging otherwise.
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If the series is of the form
then it's a geometric series, converging for |r|<1 and diverging otherwise.
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If a series is similar to either of the series above, then it may be possible
to use comparison with those series. Comparison may involve a judicious
throwing away of stuff!
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If
then the series diverges by the Test for Divergence.
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If the series is of the form
then the Alternating Series Test is a good bet.
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Series that involve factorials or other products may be best approached with
the Ratio Test.
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If is of the form , then the Root Test is a good candidate.
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If , where is easily evaluated, then the
Integral Test may be effective.