charmatch(x, table, nomatch = NA)
x
 | the values to be matched. | 
table
 | the values to be matched against. | 
nomatch
 | the value returned at non-matching positions. | 
charmatch seeks matches for the elements of its first argument
among those of its second.  If there is a unique match then the index
of the matching value is returned; if multiple matches are found then
0 is returned and if no match is found then NA is
returned.
This function is based on a C function written by Terry Therneau.
match pmatch.
charmatch("", "")                             # returns 1
charmatch("m",   c("mean", "median", "mode")) # returns 0
charmatch("med", c("mean", "median", "mode")) # returns 2