Day 8 in SCI110: Chemistry and Water

Spring 2005 Schedule
Last time:
- Discussion of the periodic table, and electron configurations
  - The periods
  - The families
  - Electron theory of chemical bonding
  - Electron dot notation
  - ions
- Discussion of results of experiment (metals versus non-metals)
- Experiment - physical and chemical changes -- p. 36-38
Today:
- Discussion of reading, chapter 9: 172-181 (ions)
  - Atoms (with Tim and Moby)
    - Element - pure substance, cannot be decomposed; smallest unit, the atom
    - Compound - made up of several elements; smallest unit, the molecule
  - Property changes with Tim and Moby
    - Discuss results of experiment
    - Physical change - hammering, evaporization, melting, crushing, dissolving....
    - Chemical reactions - a change in which different chemical substances are created by forming or breaking chemical bonds
      - chemical energy - used or released
      - chemical equation - inputs and outputs
  - Valence electrons - electrons in the outer shell (Electron theory of chemical bonding says these are the important ones....)
  - Chemical bond - an attractive force that holds atoms together in a compound
    - ionic bonds - atoms transfer electrons
      - ionic compounds - compounds held together by ionic bonds:
        
        NaCl - sodium chloride
        MgF₂ - magnesium flouride
      - Made with Metals and Nonmetals
      - Create ordered assemblage of charged particles.
      - Weaker
    - covalent bonds - atoms share electrons
      - H₂
      - F₂
      - double bond: C₂H₄ - ethylene
      - triple bond: C₂H₂ - Acetylene
      - Made of Nonmetals
      - Create molecules
      - Stronger
  - QFT (Questions for Thought): p. 193, 1, 3, 4
  - Parallel Exercises, p. 193: Group B, 1-3
- Some time to talk about group projects
- Discussion of reading: Chapter 8: 152-161: Atomic structure and Quantum Mechanics
  - Atomic Structure (with Tim and Moby)
  - isotopes (with Tim and Moby)
  - Questions for Thought 3-7, 11, p. 168.
- Investigation of properties of water (Chapter 10: 197-198)
  - Tim and Moby on Water
  - Physical Properties of Water (p. 41)
    - water quiz
    - Water properties, water measurements
- Homework:
  - Work through your group project proposals
    - remember: groups of 2 or 3 -- no more.
    - Provide a one-page proposal on Thursday, including the names of group participants.
  - Read chapter 10: pp. 204-207; Questions for Thought 4-10, p. 211.
Links:
- What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

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