Chapter 2
Models of Growth: Rates of Change
2.4 Exponential Functions
Problems
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- Sketch the graph of the natural exponential function `y=e^t`.
- Use properties of exponents to show that, for every number `t`,
- On the same axes as you used in part (a), sketch the graph of `y=e^-t`.
- Explain the symmetry the two graphs exhibit.
- Now sketch the graph of `y=e^t+e^-t`. Is this function even, odd, or neither? Confirm your answer algebraically.
`e^-t=1/e^t`.
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- Find the derivative of `y=e^t+e^-t`.
- Graph the derivative of `y`.
- Is the derivative even, odd, or neither? Confirm your answer algebraically.
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- Sketch the graph of `y=e^t-e^-t`.
- Find the derivative of `y=e^t-e^-t`.
- Graph the derivative of `y`.
- Is the derivative even, odd, or neither? Confirm your answer algebraically.
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Estimate this limiting value for `b=2` by filling in the blanks in a table like Table E1.
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From this calculation, how many digits in `Ltext[(]2text[)]` are you sure about?
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How does this fit with your calculations in Activities 2 and 3?
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Repeat Problem 4 with `Delta t=-0.01,`` -0.001, -0.0001, -0.00001`. Do you get more evidence, less evidence, or about the same evidence about the value of `Ltext[(]2text[)]`? Do you get evidence for a different value of `Ltext[(]2text[)]`?
- Repeat Problem 4 for `b=3`. What do you conclude about `Ltext[(]3text[)]`?
- Repeat Problem 4 for `b=4`. What do you conclude about `Ltext[(]4text[)]`?
- What happens if you extend Table E1 several lines further? Try it and see. Does this alter your opinion about the correct value for `Ltext[(]2text[)]`? Why or why not?
`(ftext[(]0+Delta t text[)]-ftext[(]0text[)])/(Delta t)`
as `Delta t` shrinks to zero. If we replace `ftext[(]t text[)]` by `b^t`, we have
`(Delta f)/(Delta t)=(b^(Delta t)-b^0)/(Delta t)=(b^(Delta t)-1)/(Delta t)`
so
`Ltext[(]btext[)]` is the limiting value as `Delta t ->0` of `(b^(Delta t)-1)/(Delta t)`.
`Delta t` | `2^(Delta t)` | `(2^(Delta t)-1)/(Delta t)` |
---|---|---|
0.01 | 1.00695555 | 0.695555 |
0.001 | ||
0.0001 | ||
0.00001 |