Chapter 4
Differential Calculus and Its Uses





4.1 Derivatives and Graphs

Problems

  1. For each of the following functions:
      1. Calculate the derivative,
      2. Graph the function,
      3. Use your calculations in (i) to identify the range of values of `t` for which the graph is increasing, the range of values of `t` for which the graph is decreasing, and all local maxima and local minima.
    1. `ftext[(]t text[)]=e^(4t)`
    1. `utext[(]t text[)]=t+1`
    1. `gtext[(]t text[)]=e^(-3t)`
    1. `vtext[(]t text[)]=t^3+t^2+t+1`
    1. `htext[(]t text[)]=3^t-t^3`
    1. `wtext[(]t text[)]=t^2+t+1/t`
  2. Show that `3x^2-3x+1` is never negative. (Graphing the function is not enough. You have to justify your answer.)
  3. Find the number `x` between 0 and 4 where `ftext[(] x text[)]=x^3-3x^2+9x+5` is the smallest. Explain your answer.
  4. We have seen that the derivative of the reciprocal function, `1 text[/] t`, is the function `-1 text[/] t^2`, which is always negative. That would seem to suggest that the reciprocal function is always decreasing. But the values of `1 text[/] t` are negative when `t` is negative and positive (bigger than negative) when `t` is positive. Explain this apparent contradiction — carefully.
    1. Find the minimum value of the function
             `ftext[(] x text[)]=2|x-1|-|x-2|+1/5 x^2`.
    2. Explain why the minimum does not occur at a value of `x` for which `f'text[(] x text[)]=0`.
    3. Graph the function.
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