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Fractals can be made out of just about anything, but this one is really beautiful.
I got onto it because of this article Molecularly thin, two-dimensional, all-organic perovskites, which has a number of gorgeous graphics highlighting the duality between the cube and octahedron, with some tetrahedra thrown in to boot.
Knots tend to make nice features in logos, e.g. here's a Celtic heart knot for you lovers:
Is it tricolorable?
I bring it up now, because we're ready to talk about infinity -- and this one's best projections feature the infinity symbol!
Two of the three knots that are 6 or 7 crossings and tricolorable made use of a crossing where all the colors were the same (the rest of the crossings were the kind where three colors meet at the crossing).
Nonetheless, we can think of a band as an unknot, say. But basically it is the edge(s) of a twisted band that are the knots or links.
Those that can be are called "torus knots" or "torus links".
John Newton 1725-1807 (stanza 6 Anon); here's the Snopes fact-checked story of the author, a slave trader.
"Alice laughed. 'There's no use trying,' she said. 'One can't believe impossible things.'
I daresay you haven't had much practice,' said the Queen. 'When I was your age, I always did it for half-an-hour a day. Why, sometimes I've believed as many as six impossible things before breakfast. There goes the shawl again!"
Mathemalchemy features "Zeno's Path", in honor of Zeno; and the Tortoise Tess.
Natural numbers are things which have a size, and if you add one to a natural number, you get a bigger number.
You don't get "a bigger number" -- more hate -- when you hate someone "infinity plus one".
In part because you don't have a number to begin with; but trying to add a number (1) to NaN doesn't work to give you a bigger number.
Intuitively: We will say that two sets have the same size if they have the same cardinality.
And there's the fact that Hilbert himself introduced the analolgy of the infinitely roomed hotel...:)
This result informs us that when someone on the playground hollers "I hate you infinity plus 1!", they really haven't hated any more than a simple infinity.
Alternatively, if your lover says they love you infinitely much, you can't impress them by saying that you love them infinitely plus one. They will scoff, and perhaps leave you for a better mathematician! So take note....
This result informs us that when someone on the playground hollers "I hate you 2*infinity!", they really haven't hated any more than a simple infinity.
This result proves that there are just as many rational numbers (ratios of integers) as there are integers.
The real numbers (containing both the rational and irrational numbers) is just too big for Hilbert's Hotel. Mathematicians' guts lead them to believe (generally) that the real numbers are the next largest infinity (the first "uncountable" one).
We often denote a set by using braces, e.g. \(S=\{1,2,3\}\) is the set of the first three natural numbers.
We say that \(a\) is an element of \(S\) if \(a\) is contained in \(S\), and we write \(a \in S\). So \(1 \in S\), \(2 \in S\), and \(3 \in S\). We deny that an object is in \(S\) this way: \(4 \notin S\).
And if the sets are finite, the proper subset is always smaller, but if the set is infinite, we may actually be able to throw away elements of a set and not change the size of the set!
(We know that since each row of Pascal's triangle adds to a power of 2.)
This property holds true for all finite sets -- and it turns out to be true for infinite sets, too!
Here's a silly video to illustrate how the power set grows with sets of increasing size. (Thanks to Dr. Towanna Roller (Asbury University) and her daughter Kristyn Roller (UK) for this one!)
And the power set of that set is bigger yet, and so on forever, forever, Hallelujah, Hallelujah!
That symbol that you've been familiar with for all your lives, $\infty$: you thought it stood for a single thing; but it stands for a whole collection of monstrously big things, all too big to really think about properly. (Well, Cantor did!:)
"I love you more than the power set of your set of infinite love."
Amen!