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We now consider vector-valued functions in multivariate space. We've seen these before, however: if we have a multivariate function $f$ which is differentiable, then it has a gradient at every point, pointing to higher values of $f$.
This is an important example: a gradient field.
Q: Is the vector field of Example 1 a gradient field?
If F is a gradient field, then it is called a conservative vector field (and $f$ its potential function).
This code plots the functions, with maxes and mins, but adds in the contour lines, and also the gradient lines.
Let's use this to take a look at Example 6, p. 1084.