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The partial sums are terms in an increasing sequence, since the terms of the series are all positive.
Examples of the Integral Test:
Theorem 3 is just a corollary of Theorem 2, where the integrals are the obvious power functions:
This theorem says that, in the long run, one series has terms which are simply a constant times the terms in the other series. So, in the long term, one series is behaving like a scalar multiple of the other. And so if one converges, the other will, too.
Examples: